Projects of the Future of Soviet Russia in the Ideas of Emigrants of the 20th Century: the Experience of Comparative Analysis

Abstract. The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of projects about the future of Russia in the works of prominent representatives of the socio-political elite of the twentieth century. Turning to the analogy with M.A. Bulgakov’s novel “Running”, we correlate the outcome with the eschatological worldview of the Russian intelligentsia. Noting that emigration from Russia is always accompanied by global changes in political
and socio-economic life. We trace the sequence of the authors’ ideas, taking into account the change of the ideological paradigm, which is why there is no emigration of the post-war 1940s, as well as emigration of the 1980s, among the emigrant heritage we study. Our task was to compare the positions of prominent representatives of emigration (Russian and Soviet) according to the results in terms of preserving the old picture of the Russian world in their worldview. The article examines the views of representatives of different waves of emigration. Thus, P.B.’s views on the future of Great Russia are being studied. Struve, special attention is paid to the ideas of A.F. Kerensky, V.A. Maklakov, D.M. Panin,
V.P. Voinovich. The article analyzes the projects of “Great Russia”, the possibility of creating a pre-Petrine Muscovy, the likelihood of a return of the unstable foreign policy situation in Russia, as well as programs for building an ideal communist society (using the example of dissident projects and programs).

Keywords: Russian emigration, projects of the future of Russia, Russian abroad, Russian emigration, P.B. Struve, A.F. Kerensky, V.A. Maklakov, D.M. Panin, V.P. Voinovich.