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Abstract. The article focuses on the question of the history of gaining the Kazan khanate study and influence of ideology on historiographic process is considered. There were various concepts on this problem in a domestic historiography. The first, widespread in a majestic Russian and Soviet historiography, claims that conquest of Kazan and the Volga region was caused by necessity and aimed to secure the border against the Tatar invasions ruining Russian lands, gain was entirely the progressive phenomenon and brought to the people of the Volga region prosperity, having acquainted them with high Russian culture. This concept is not just relies on support of the state, but also a part of majestic ideology is the major. The second one developed in the Tatar historiography in the second half of the 19th century and extended in the Russian liberal historiography in the 1920s and 1990–2000s, approving a thought of aggressive foreign policy of the Russian kingdom and the colonial nature of enslavement of the peoples of the Volga region. Formation of multinational Russia as democratic federal state assumes developments of others, than in the empire, the concept of the emergence, which will be able to develop more difficult and multidimensional view of history.
Keywords: historiography, historical concept, Golden Horde, Kazan khanate, Russia, conquest of the Volga region, science school of a historiography, Soviet science, ideological control, ideologeme of “lesser evil”.