Symbolic Program of Monuments: Reframing Scenarios

Abstract. The article discusses memorial deactivation scenarios and monument reframing that were denied the right to perform a commemorative function in the form established by their creators. Five possible scenarios are highlighted: (1) the destruction of monuments as the most radical form of deactivation peculiar to revolutionary periods; (2) relocation while maintaining in an urban environment; (3) museumification as a special form of relocation that provides greater control over interpretations; (4) deportation outside the state, often to the territory that can be considered as the historical homeland of the monument or the regime with which it is associated; (5) various modification options (contextualisation by adding information materials, manipulation of the sculptural composition, etc.). In conclusion, the article attempts to identify the factors contributing to increasing the viability of monuments in the context of radical socio-political transformations.

Keywords: monuments, commemoration, memory studies, collective memory, memory culture.